Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) is a surgical procedure performed to treat chronic sinusitis and other conditions affecting the sinuses. It involves the use of an endoscope, which is a thin, flexible tube with a light and a camera at the end, to visualize and access the sinuses. This approach allows the surgeon to operate through the natural openings of the nose, avoiding the need for external incisions.

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery is a minimally invasive procedure, and recovery time is generally shorter compared to traditional open sinus surgery. Patients may experience improved breathing, reduced sinus symptoms, and a decreased frequency of sinus infections after the procedure.

1. Endoscope: The endoscope is inserted through the nostrils to provide a magnified view of the sinuses on a monitor. This allows the surgeon to see the sinus anatomy and identify any abnormalities or blockages.

2. Removal of Obstructions: The surgeon uses small, specialized instruments to remove polyps, inflamed tissue, or other obstructions that may be blocking the sinus passages. This helps to improve the drainage of mucus from the sinuses and alleviate symptoms of chronic sinusitis.

3. Sinus Opening Widening: In some cases, the surgeon may need to enlarge the natural openings of the sinuses to promote better drainage. This may involve removing bone or tissue to create larger openings.

4. Correction of Structural Issues: If there are structural abnormalities, such as a deviated septum, that contribute to sinus problems, these may be addressed during the surgery.

5. Treatment of Sinus Infections: ESS is often recommended for chronic sinusitis that does not respond well to other medical treatments. By improving the drainage and ventilation of the sinuses, the surgery aims to reduce the frequency and severity of sinus infections.